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Introductory Chemistry - 1st Canadian Edition: Appendix C: Solubility Constants for Compounds at 25°C

Introductory Chemistry - 1st Canadian Edition
Appendix C: Solubility Constants for Compounds at 25°C
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table of contents
  1. Cover
  2. Title Page
  3. Copyright
  4. Table Of Contents
  5. Acknowledgments
  6. Dedication
  7. About BCcampus Open Education
  8. Chapter 1. What is Chemistry
    1. Some Basic Definitions
    2. Chemistry as a Science
  9. Chapter 2. Measurements
    1. Expressing Numbers
    2. Significant Figures
    3. Converting Units
    4. Other Units: Temperature and Density
    5. Expressing Units
    6. End-of-Chapter Material
  10. Chapter 3. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
    1. Acids
    2. Ions and Ionic Compounds
    3. Masses of Atoms and Molecules
    4. Molecules and Chemical Nomenclature
    5. Atomic Theory
    6. End-of-Chapter Material
  11. Chapter 4. Chemical Reactions and Equations
    1. The Chemical Equation
    2. Types of Chemical Reactions: Single- and Double-Displacement Reactions
    3. Ionic Equations: A Closer Look
    4. Composition, Decomposition, and Combustion Reactions
    5. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
    6. Neutralization Reactions
    7. End-of-Chapter Material
  12. Chapter 5. Stoichiometry and the Mole
    1. Stoichiometry
    2. The Mole
    3. Mole-Mass and Mass-Mass Calculations
    4. Limiting Reagents
    5. The Mole in Chemical Reactions
    6. Yields
    7. End-of-Chapter Material
  13. Chapter 6. Gases
    1. Pressure
    2. Gas Laws
    3. Other Gas Laws
    4. The Ideal Gas Law and Some Applications
    5. Gas Mixtures
    6. Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
    7. Molecular Effusion and Diffusion
    8. Real Gases
    9. End-of-Chapter Material
  14. Chapter 7. Energy and Chemistry
    1. Formation Reactions
    2. Energy
    3. Stoichiometry Calculations Using Enthalpy
    4. Enthalpy and Chemical Reactions
    5. Work and Heat
    6. Hess’s Law
    7. End-of-Chapter Material
  15. Chapter 8. Electronic Structure
    1. Light
    2. Quantum Numbers for Electrons
    3. Organization of Electrons in Atoms
    4. Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table
    5. Periodic Trends
    6. End-of-Chapter Material
  16. Chapter 9. Chemical Bonds
    1. Lewis Electron Dot Diagrams
    2. Electron Transfer: Ionic Bonds
    3. Covalent Bonds
    4. Other Aspects of Covalent Bonds
    5. Violations of the Octet Rule
    6. Molecular Shapes and Polarity
    7. Valence Bond Theory and Hybrid Orbitals
    8. Molecular Orbitals
    9. End-of-Chapter Material
  17. Chapter 10. Solids and Liquids
    1. Properties of Liquids
    2. Solids
    3. Phase Transitions: Melting, Boiling, and Subliming
    4. Intermolecular Forces
    5. End-of-Chapter Material
  18. Chapter 11. Solutions
    1. Colligative Properties of Solutions
    2. Concentrations as Conversion Factors
    3. Quantitative Units of Concentration
    4. Colligative Properties of Ionic Solutes
    5. Some Definitions
    6. Dilutions and Concentrations
    7. End-of-Chapter Material
  19. Chapter 12. Acids and Bases
    1. Acid-Base Titrations
    2. Strong and Weak Acids and Bases and Their Salts
    3. Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
    4. Arrhenius Acids and Bases
    5. Autoionization of Water
    6. Buffers
    7. The pH Scale
    8. End-of-Chapter Material
  20. Chapter 13. Chemical Equilibrium
    1. Chemical Equilibrium
    2. The Equilibrium Constant
    3. Shifting Equilibria: Le Chatelier’s Principle
    4. Calculating Equilibrium Constant Values
    5. Some Special Types of Equilibria
    6. End-of-Chapter Material
  21. Chapter 14. Oxidation and Reduction
    1. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
    2. Balancing Redox Reactions
    3. Applications of Redox Reactions: Voltaic Cells
    4. Electrolysis
    5. End-of-Chapter Material
  22. Chapter 15. Nuclear Chemistry
    1. Units of Radioactivity
    2. Uses of Radioactive Isotopes
    3. Half-Life
    4. Radioactivity
    5. Nuclear Energy
    6. End-of-Chapter Material
  23. Chapter 16. Organic Chemistry
    1. Hydrocarbons
    2. Branched Hydrocarbons
    3. Alkyl Halides and Alcohols
    4. Other Oxygen-Containing Functional Groups
    5. Other Functional Groups
    6. Polymers
    7. End-of-Chapter Material
  24. Chapter 17. Kinetics
    1. Factors that Affect the Rate of Reactions
    2. Reaction Rates
    3. Rate Laws
    4. Concentration–Time Relationships: Integrated Rate Laws
    5. Activation Energy and the Arrhenius Equation
    6. Reaction Mechanisms
    7. Catalysis
    8. End-of-Chapter Material
  25. Chapter 18. Chemical Thermodynamics
    1. Spontaneous Change
    2. Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
    3. Measuring Entropy and Entropy Changes
    4. Gibbs Free Energy
    5. Spontaneity: Free Energy and Temperature
    6. Free Energy under Nonstandard Conditions
    7. End-of-Chapter Material
  26. Appendix A: Periodic Table of the Elements
  27. Appendix B: Selected Acid Dissociation Constants at 25°C
  28. Appendix C: Solubility Constants for Compounds at 25°C
  29. Appendix D: Standard Thermodynamic Quantities for Chemical Substances at 25°C
  30. Appendix E: Standard Reduction Potentials by Value
  31. Glossary
  32. About the Authors
  33. Versioning History

3

Appendix C: Solubility Constants for Compounds at 25°C

Solubility Constants for Compounds at 25°C
Compound NameCompound FormulaK sp
Aluminum phosphateAlPO49.84 × 10−21
Barium bromateBa(BrO3)22.43 × 10−4
Barium carbonateBaCO32.58 × 10−9
Barium chromateBaCrO41.17 × 10−10
Barium fluorideBaF21.84 × 10−7
Barium iodateBa(IO3)24.01 × 10−9
Barium nitrateBa(NO3)24.64 × 10−3
Barium sulfateBaSO41.08 × 10−10
Barium sulfiteBaSO35.0 × 10−10
Beryllium hydroxideBe(OH)26.92 × 10−22
Bismuth arsenateBiAsO44.43 × 10−10
Bismuth iodideBiI37.71 × 10−19
Cadmium carbonateCdCO31.0 × 10−12
Cadmium fluorideCdF26.44 × 10−3
Cadmium hydroxideCd(OH)27.2 × 10−15
Cadmium iodateCd(IO3)22.5 × 10−8
Cadmium phosphateCd3(PO4)22.53 × 10−33
Cadmium sulfideCdS8.0 × 10−27
Calcium carbonateCaCO33.36 × 10−9
Calcium fluorideCaF23.45 × 10−11
Calcium hydroxideCa(OH)25.02 × 10−6
Calcium iodateCa(IO3)26.47 × 10−6
Calcium phosphateCa3(PO4)22.07 × 10−33
Calcium sulfateCaSO44.93 × 10−5
Cesium perchlorateCsClO43.95 × 10−3
Cesium periodateCsIO45.16 × 10−6
Cobalt(II) arsenateCo3(AsO4)26.80 × 10−29
Cobalt(II) hydroxideCo(OH)25.92 × 10−15
Cobalt(II) phosphateCo3(PO4)22.05 × 10−35
Copper(I) bromideCuBr6.27 × 10−9
Copper(I) chlorideCuCl1.72 × 10−7
Copper(I) cyanideCuCN3.47 × 10−20
Copper(I) iodideCuI1.27 × 10−12
Copper(I) thiocyanateCuSCN1.77 × 10−13
Copper(II) arsenateCu3(AsO4)27.95 × 10−36
Copper(II) oxalateCuC2O44.43 × 10−10
Copper(II) phosphateCu3(PO4)21.40 × 10−37
Copper(II) sulfideCuS6.3 × 10−36
Europium(III) hydroxideEu(OH)39.38 × 10−27
Gallium(III) hydroxideGa(OH)37.28 × 10−36
Iron(II) carbonateFeCO33.13 × 10−11
Iron(II) fluorideFeF22.36 × 10−6
Iron(II) hydroxideFe(OH)24.87 × 10−17
Iron(III) hydroxideFe(OH)32.79 × 10−39
Iron(III) sulfideFeS6.3 × 10−18
Lanthanum iodateLa(IO3)37.50 × 10−12
Lead(II) bromidePbBr26.60 × 10−6
Lead(II) carbonatePbCO37.40 × 10−14
Lead(II) chloridePbCl21.70 × 10−5
Lead(II) fluoridePbF23.3 × 10−8
Lead(II) hydroxidePb(OH)21.43 × 10−20
Lead(II) iodatePb(IO3)23.69 × 10−13
Lead(II) iodidePbI29.8 × 10−9
Lead(II)selenitePbSeO41.37 × 10−7
Lead(II) sulfatePbSO42.53 × 10−8
Lead(II) sulfidePbS8.0 × 10−28
Lithium carbonateLi2CO38.15 × 10−4
Lithium fluorideLiF1.84 × 10−3
Lithium phosphateLi3PO42.37 × 10−11
Magnesium carbonateMgCO36.82 × 10−6
Magnesium fluorideMgF25.16 × 10−11
Magnesium hydroxideMg(OH)25.61 × 10−12
Magnesium phosphateMg3(PO4)21.04 × 10−24
Manganese(II) carbonateMnCO32.24 × 10−11
Manganese(II) iodateMn(IO3)24.37 × 10−7
Mercury(I) bromideHg2Br26.40 × 10−23
Mercury(I) carbonateHg2CO33.6 × 10−17
Mercury(I) chlorideHg2Cl21.43 × 10−18
Mercury(I) fluorideHg2F23.10 × 10−6
Mercury(I) iodideHg2I25.2 × 10−29
Mercury(I) oxalateHg2C2O41.75 × 10−13
Mercury(I) sulfateHg2SO46.5 × 10−7
Mercury(I) thiocyanateHg2(SCN)23.2 × 10−20
Mercury(II) bromideHgBr26.2 × 10−20
Mercury (II) iodideHgI22.9 × 10−29
Mercury(II) sulfide (red)HgS4 × 10−53
Mercury(II) sulfide (black)HgS1.6 × 10−52
Neodymium carbonateNd2(CO3)31.08 × 10−33
Nickel(II) carbonateNiCO31.42 × 10−7
Nickel(II) hydroxideNi(OH)25.48 × 10−16
Nickel(II) iodateNi(IO3)24.71 × 10−5
Nickel(II) phosphateNi3(PO4)24.74 × 10−32
Palladium(II) thiocyanatePd(SCN)24.39 × 10−23
Potassium hexachloroplatinateK2PtCl67.48 × 10−6
Potassium perchlorateKClO41.05 × 10−2
Potassium periodateKIO43.71 × 10−4
Praseodymium hydroxidePr(OH)33.39 × 10−24
Rubidium perchlorateRbClO43.00 × 10−3
Scandium fluorideScF35.81 × 10−24
Scandium hydroxideSc(OH)32.22 × 10−31
Silver(I) acetateAgCH3CO21.94 × 10−3
Silver(I) arsenateAg3AsO41.03 × 10−22
Silver(I) bromateAgBrO35.38 × 10−5
Silver(I) bromideAgBr5.35 × 10−13
Silver(I) carbonateAg2CO38.46 × 10−12
Silver(I) chlorideAgCl1.77 × 10−10
Silver(I) chromateAg2CrO41.12 × 10−12
Silver(I) cyanideAgCN5.97 × 10−17
Silver(I) iodateAgIO33.17 × 10−8
Silver(I) iodideAgI8.52 × 10−17
Silver(I) oxalateAg2C2O45.40 × 10−12
Silver(I) phosphateAg3PO48.89 × 10−17
Silver(I) sulfateAg2SO41.20 × 10−5
Silver(I) sulfideAg2S6.3 × 10−50
Silver(I) sulfiteAg2SO31.50 × 10−14
Silver(I) thiocyanateAgSCN1.03 × 10−12
Strontium arsenateSr3(AsO4)24.29 × 10−19
Strontium carbonateSrCO35.60 × 10−10
Strontium fluorideSrF24.33 × 10−9
Strontium iodateSr(IO3)21.14 × 10−7
Strontium sulfateSrSO43.44 × 10−7
Thallium(I) bromateTlBrO31.10 × 10−4
Thallium(I) bromideTlBr3.71 × 10−6
Thallium(I) chlorideTlCl1.86 × 10−4
Thallium(I) chromateTl2CrO48.67 × 10−13
Thallium(I) iodateTlIO33.12 × 10−6
Thallium(I) iodideTlI5.54 × 10−8
Thallium(I) thiocyanateTlSCN1.57 × 10−4
Thallium(III) hydroxideTl(OH)31.68 × 10−44
Tin(II) hydroxideSn(OH)25.45 × 10−27
Tin(II) sulfideSnS1.0 × 10−25
Yttrium carbonateY2(CO3)31.03 × 10−31
Yttrium fluorideYF38.62 × 10−21
Yttrium hydroxideY(OH)31.00 × 10−22
Yttrium iodateY(IO3)31.12 × 10−10
Zinc arsenateZn3(AsO4)22.8 × 10−28
Zinc carbonateZnCO31.46 × 10−10
Zinc fluorideZnF23.04 × 10−2
Zinc hydroxideZn(OH)23 × 10−17
Zinc selenideZnSe3.6 × 10−26
Zinc sulfide (wurtzite)ZnS1.6 × 10−24
Zinc sulfide (sphalerite)ZnS2.5 × 10−22

From UC Davis Chem Wiki (Creative Commons licence): UC Davis GeoWiki by University of California, Davis. CC-BY-NC-SA-3.0

Original source of data: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition (2004); sulfide data from Lange’s Handbook of Chemistry, 15th Edition (1999).

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                                by Jessie A. Key

            Introductory Chemistry - 1st Canadian Edition by Jessie A. Key is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.
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