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Organic Chemistry I: Chapter 1 Basic Concepts in Chemical Bonding and Organic Molecules

Organic Chemistry I
Chapter 1 Basic Concepts in Chemical Bonding and Organic Molecules
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table of contents
  1. Cover
  2. Title Page
  3. Copyright
  4. Table Of Contents
  5. Introduction
  6. Acknowledgements
  7. Chapter 1 Basic Concepts in Chemical Bonding and Organic Molecules
    1. 1.1 Chemical Bonding
    2. 1.2 Lewis Structure
    3. 1.3 Resonance Structures
    4. 1.4 Resonance structures in Organic Chemistry
    5. 1.5 Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR)
    6. 1.6 Valence Bond Theory and Hybridization
    7. Answers to Practice Questions Chapter 1
  8. Chapter 2 Fundamental of Organic Structures
    1. 2.1 Structures of Alkenes
    2. 2.2 Nomenclature of Alkanes
    3. 2.3 Functional Groups
    4. 2.4 IUPAC Naming of Organic Compounds with Functional Groups
    5. 2.5 Degree of Unsaturation/Index of Hydrogen Deficiency
    6. 2.6 Intermolecular Force and Physical Properties of Organic Compounds
    7. Answers to Practice Questions Chapter 2
  9. Chapter 3 Acids and Bases: Organic Reaction Mechanism Introduction
    1. 3.1 Review of Acids and Bases and Ka
    2. 3.2 Organic Acids and Bases and Organic Reaction Mechanism
    3. 3.3 pKa of Organic Acids and Application of pKa to Predict Acid-Base Reaction Outcome
    4. 3.4 Structural Effects on Acidity and Basicity
    5. 3.5 Lewis Acids and Lewis Bases
    6. Answers to Practice Questions Chapter 3
  10. Chapter 4 Conformations of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
    1. 4.1 Conformation Analysis of Alkanes
    2. 4.2 Cycloalkanes and Their Relative Stabilities
    3. 4.3 Conformation Analysis of Cyclohexane
    4. 4.4 Substituted Cyclohexanes
    5. Answers to Practice Questions Chapter 4
  11. Chapter 5 Stereochemistry
    1. 5.1 Summary of Isomers
    2. 5.2 Geometric Isomers and E/Z Naming System
    3. 5.3 Chirality and R/S Naming System
    4. 5.4 Optical Activity
    5. 5.5 Fisher Projection
    6. 5.6 Compounds with More Than One Chirality Centers
    7. Answers to Practice Questions Chapter 5
  12. Chapter 6 Structural Identification of Organic Compounds: IR and NMR Spectroscopy
    1. 6.1 Electromagnetic Radiation and Molecular Spectroscopy
    2. 6.2 Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy Theory
    3. 6.3 IR Spectrum and Characteristic Absorption Bands
    4. 6.4 IR Spectrum Interpretation Practice
    5. 6.5 NMR Theory and Experiment
    6. 6.6 ¹H NMR Spectra and Interpretation (Part I)
    7. 6.7 ¹H NMR Spectra and Interpretation (Part II)
    8. 6.8 ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy
    9. 6.9 Structure Determination Practice
    10. Answers to Practice Questions Chapter 6
  13. Chapter 7 Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
    1. 7.1 Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction Overview
    2. 7.2 SN2 Reaction Mechanism, Energy Diagram and Stereochemistry
    3. 7.3 Other Factors that Affect SN2 Reactions
    4. 7.4 SN1 Reaction Mechanism, Energy Diagram and Stereochemistry
    5. 7.5 SN1 vs SN2
    6. 7.6 Extra Topics on Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction
    7. Answers to Practice Questions Chapter 7
  14. Chapter 8 Elimination Reactions
    1. 8.1 E2 Reaction
    2. 8.2 E1 Reaction
    3. 8.3 E1/E2 Summary
    4. 8.4 Comparison and Competition Between SN1, SN2, E1 and E2
    5. Answers to Practice Questions Chapter 8
  15. Chapter 9 Free Radical Substitution Reaction of Alkanes
    1. 9.1 Homolytic and Heterolytic Cleavage
    2. 9.2 Halogenation Reaction of Alkanes
    3. 9.3 Stability of Alkyl Radicals
    4. 9.4 Chlorination vs Bromination
    5. 9.5 Stereochemistry for Halogenation of Alkanes
    6. 9.6 Synthesis of Target Molecules: Introduction of Retrosynthetic Analysis
    7. Answers to Practice Questions Chapter 9
  16. Chapter 10 Alkenes and Alkynes
    1. 10.1 Synthesis of Alkenes
    2. 10.2 Reactions of Alkenes: Addition of Hydrogen Halide to Alkenes
    3. 10.3 Reactions of Alkenes: Addition of Water (or Alcohol) to Alkenes
    4. 10.4 Reactions of Alkenes: Addition of Bromine and Chlorine to Alkenes
    5. 10.5 Reaction of Alkenes: Hydrogenation
    6. 10.6 Two Other Hydration Reactions of Alkenes
    7. 10.7 Oxidation Reactions of Alkenes
    8. 10.8 Alkynes
    9. Answers to Practice Questions Chapter 10
  17. About the Author

Chapter 1 Basic Concepts in Chemical Bonding and Organic Molecules

Before beginning our Organic Chemistry journey, a review of some basic knowledge from the General Chemistry course will be very helpful and important. We will start with chemical bonding and review how to draw Lewis Structure to show and predict the bonding in a chemical species, followed by Valence Bond Theory and Hybridization to explain how the bonds are formed.

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