(3 point)

Last Name: _______________________  First Name: _______________________

1. List the structures in each layer of the eye. (0.5 points)
   • Fibrous tunic:
   • Vascular tunic:
   • Neural tunic:

2. What is the olfactory pathway, starting from odorant to the primary olfactory area? How does this pathway differ from other sensory pathways? (0.5 points)

3. Match the following structures with their corresponding descriptions. (1 point)

   Name of Structure	Descriptions	No. of Structure
   1. Optic disc	an area where odorants bind to receptors to produce a sensation that will be perceived as smell
   2. Round window	contains approximately 100 taste buds
   3. Fungiform papillae	location of no visual activity, known as the “blind spot”
   4. Vitreous humor	contains the organs that sense dynamic equilibrium
   5. Olfactory epithelium	contains the organs that sense static equilibrium
   6. Filiform papillae	jelly-like mass that provides stability and structure to the eye
   7. Semicircular canals	provide friction, contains no taste buds
   8. Retina	contains approximately 5 taste buds
   9. Auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes)	the smallest bones in the body; transmits vibrations that are key to hearing
   10. Circumvallate papillae	possess the following layers to allow for the transmission of stimuli to the optic nerve; pigmented layer, photoreceptor layer, outer synaptic layer, bipolar cell layer, inner synaptic layer, ganglion layer
   11. Vestibule	membrane between the inner and middle ear to allow for pressure changes to equilibrate

4. Describe the path of sound traveling through the ear to CN (VIII). (list structures)(0.5 points)

5. Describe the function of the following muscles. Do they assist in intorsion, extortion, abduction, adduction, elevation and/or depression of the eye? (0.5 points)
   1. Superior Rectus-
   2. Inferior Rectus-
   3. Medial Rectus-
   4. Lateral Rectus-
   5. Superior Oblique-
   6. Inferior Oblique-