Vida Sana - Capítulo 3
Las partes del cuerpo y los síntomas
OBJETIVOS DE APRENDIZAJE
|
3.1. Antes de empezar…
¿Cuántas partes del cuerpo puedes nombrar? |
Escribe tus respuestas aquí… FROM YOUR BRAIN. DO NOT USE AI. |
3.2. Lectura 1 - Las partes del cuerpo y los síntomas
▶︎ Vocabulario para comprensión | |||||||||
| |||||||||
If you don’t know what these words above mean, please transcribe them, look up their meaning and write their English equivalent. If you already know the words above then go through the reading and identify five terms that are new or important to talk about this topic. | |||||||||
Escribe tus respuestas aquí… | |||||||||
▶︎ Las partes del cuerpo y los síntomas El cuerpo humano es una estructura compleja y maravillosa. Está compuesto por muchos sistemas y órganos que trabajan juntos. Cada parte tiene una función específica para mantener la vida y está formado por distintos órganos.
Cuando el cuerpo está enfermo, manifiesta síntomas que varían según el sistema afectado. Por ejemplo, el dolor en el pecho, la falta de aliento y palpitaciones, se relacionan con el sistema circulatorio. La tos, la dificultad para respirar y el dolor en el pecho se relacionan con el sistema respiratorio. Los dolores de cabeza, mareos y debilidad muscular se relacionan con el sistema nervioso. El dolor abdominal, náuseas y cambios en el apetito se relacionan con el sistema digestivo. El dolor al orinar, los cambios en la orina y dolor en la espalda baja se relacionan con el sistema excretor. La fiebre, la fatiga y la inflamación se relacionan con el sistema inmunológico. El dolor en las articulaciones, la hinchazón y la dificultad para moverse se relaciona con el sistema musculoesquelético. Es importante reconocer los síntomas de enfermedad en cada sistema para poder diagnosticar y tratar distintas enfermedades. |
3.3. Comprensión
1. ¿Qué órganos forman parte del sistema circulatorio? |
2. ¿Cuál es la función del sistema respiratorio? |
3. ¿Qué órganos forman parte del sistema digestivo? |
4. ¿Qué sistema se encarga de permitir movimiento y dar soporte al cuerpo? |
5. ¿Qué síntomas se asocian con el sistema respiratorio? |
6. ¿Con qué sistema se asocian síntomas como la fiebre, la fatiga y la inflamación? |
3.4. Reflexión
Beginners: Write five sentences expressing five things you learned. Advanced: Escribe de 50 a 75 palabras respondiendo lo siguiente: ¿Qué nuevas ideas o conocimientos tienes después de leer esta lectura? ¿Cambió esta lectura alguna opinión que tenías antes? ¿Qué preguntas tienes después de leer esta lectura? ¿Qué te gustaría explorar más después de haber leído esto? |
Escribe tus respuestas aquí… FROM YOUR BRAIN. DO NOT USE AI. |
3.5. Lectura 2 - Nota cultural: Lenguaje coloquial
▶︎ Vocabulario para comprensión | |||||||
| |||||||
If you don’t know what these words above mean, please transcribe them, look up their meaning and write their English equivalent. If you already know the words above then go through the reading and identify five terms that are new or important to talk about this topic. | |||||||
Escribe tus respuestas aquí… | |||||||
▶︎ La importancia de entender el idioma coloquial y los eufemismos El idioma coloquial y los eufemismos son formas de lenguaje informal. Se usan en conversaciones diarias y reflejan la cultura y contexto social de una comunidad. Los eufemismos son palabras o frases más suaves o indirectas que se utilizan para evitar términos que pueden ser ofensivos o incómodos. Existen porque ayudan a suavizar la comunicación y hacerla más aceptable en situaciones delicadas o tabú. Para los profesionales de la salud, entender el idioma coloquial y los eufemismos en español es crucial. Ayuda a crear una mejor relación con los pacientes y a entender sus necesidades. Los pacientes a menudo se sienten más cómodos usando términos coloquiales o eufemismos. Si los profesionales no entienden estos términos, puede haber malentendidos que afecten la calidad del diagnóstico y tratamiento. Algunos términos coloquiales y eufemismos comunes para diferentes partes del cuerpo incluyen: Cabeza: coco, estómago: panza, barriga, tripa, pantorrilla: chamorro, batata, dar a luz: parir, alumbrar, aliviarse, vagina: parte íntima, pene: miembro, pito, senos: mamas, pecho, bubis, chichis, pie: pata, pezuña, nariz: trompa, orina: pipí, pis, heces fecales: popó, caca. Cuando los profesionales de la salud no entienden una palabra que usan sus pacientes, es importante no asumir el significado de inmediato. Pueden pedir al paciente que explique o describa lo que significa esa palabra para ellos o que apunte hacia la parte del cuerpo a la que se refiere. Esto ayuda a evitar malentendidos y muestra al paciente que su forma de hablar es válida y respetada. Los profesionales de la salud durante sus estudios generales aprenden términos médicos formales, pero pueden mejorar su conocimiento del idioma coloquial y los eufemismos asistiendo a talleres y cursos de capacitación en comunicación cultural. Mantenerse actualizados y ser respetuosos de las variaciones lingüísticas en diferentes regiones es útil para conectar mejor con los pacientes y evitar malentendidos. |
3.6. Comprensión
1. ¿Qué son los eufemismos? |
2. ¿Por qué existen los eufemismos? |
3. ¿Qué puede suceder si los profesionales de la salud no entienden los eufemismos? |
4. Menciona tres eufemismos o términos coloquiales que no sabías o te parecen importantes |
5. ¿Qué puede hacer un profesional de la salud cuando no entiende una palabra? |
6. ¿En qué ayuda mantenerse actualizado y ser respetuoso de las variaciones lingüísticas? |
3.7. Reflexión
Beginners: Write five sentences expressing five things you learned Advanced: Escribe de 50 a 75 palabras respondiendo lo siguiente: ¿Qué aspecto de la lectura te hizo pensar más? ¿Cómo se conecta lo leído a tu vida personal? ¿Hubo alguna situación en la lectura con la que te identificaste? ¿Qué te gustaría explorar más después de haber leído esto? |
Escribe tus respuestas aquí… FROM YOUR BRAIN. DO NOT USE AI. |
3.8. ¡A trabajar!
3.8.1. Crea contenido sobre este tema en tu campo. Open our class Chatbot on a laptop and paste the following prompt filling in the blanks with the name of your health area of interest.
Beginners: Create a 150-word essay in Spanish about the parts of the body, body systems, and symptoms involved in the [name of the profession] profession. The essay should answer the following questions: 1. What are the main parts of the body and body systems involved in the [name of the profession] profession 2. What are some of the ways people can take care of those parts of the body and body systems in order to stay healthy 3. What are the most typical symptoms people seek help with in the [name of the profession] field. Each answer should be in a separate paragraph. Use short sentences and Spanish vocabulary at an intermediate level according to ACTFL guidelines. After the essay, create a list of 10 words that could be difficult for a beginner Spanish speaker to understand and give the English equivalent.
Advanced: Create a 300-word essay in Spanish about the parts of the body, body systems, and symptoms involved in the [name of the profession] profession. The essay should answer the following questions: 1. What are the main parts of the body and body systems involved in the [name of the profession] profession 2. What are some of the ways people can take care of those parts of the body and body systems in order to stay healthy 3. What are the most typical symptoms people seek help with in the [name of the profession] field. Each answer should be in a separate paragraph. Use long sentences and Spanish vocabulary at a superior level according to ACTFL guidelines. After the essay, create a list of 10 words that could be difficult for an intermediate Spanish speaker to understand and give the English equivalent.
Paste the prompt as you wrote it for the chatbot |
Paste the bot’s answer |
Paste the link to your chat |
3.8.2. Conversa en Padlet sobre lo que aprendiste. Go to our course Padlet to talk about what you learned from your content creation and listen to others’ experience.
Beginners: Listen to the chatbot, read the content you generated at least one time and practice any word you cannot pronounce. Go to our Padlet, read your 150-world essay out loud taking care of pronouncing each word very carefully. After your reading, share your favorite 10 words from the essay. Lastly, find a presentation from another person in your class level, listen to their presentation and leave a spoken comment of a minimum of 30 words.
Advanced: Read the content generated by the chatbot (also listen if you like). Take notes in order to summarize what you have learned. Go to our Padlet and talk for at least one minute about what you learned from the reading. Afterwards, give your opinion on the content the chatbot produced and give it a rating. Finally, talk about other things you wish the chatbot had included in the essay. Once you have recorded your video, find a presentation from another person in your class level, listen to it and leave a written comment of a minimum of 30 words.
Write “Completo” below if you completed this activity on Padlet. Then share a few thoughts on how it went (What did you like? What was hard? How did you feel while doing the activity?) |
3.8.3. Genera una lista de vocabulario esencial. Open our class Chatbot on a laptop and prepare to generate a list of terms based on the topic of this chapter. Paste the following prompt, filling in the blanks.
Beginners: Provide a list of 20 essential Spanish words or short phrases for parts of the body involved in [name of the profession]. Provide the English translation for each.
Advanced: Provide a list of 30 essential Spanish words or short phrases for parts of the body involved in [name of the profession]. Provide the English translation for each.
Paste the prompt as you wrote it for the chatbot |
Paste the link to your chat |
Paste the bot-generated list here |
Which five to ten terms from this list do you want to commit to memory? |
Write five original sentences or a five-line original dialog containing the terms you want to memorize |
3.8.4. Genera un diálogo con el chatbot. Open our class Chatbot on a laptop and prepare to generate a dialog about the profession that interests you. Paste the following prompt, filling in the blanks.
Beginners: Create a 100-word dialog in Spanish between a very kind [name of the profession] and a patient/client. The dialog should be an initial warm interaction where the [name of the profession] greets the patient, asks about symptoms and what parts of the body are not well. The patient should answer back and ask questions as well. Use short sentences and Spanish vocabulary at an intermediate level according to ACTFL guidelines. After the dialog, create a list of 10 words that could be difficult for a beginner Spanish speaker to understand and give the English equivalent.
Advanced: Create a 150-word dialog in Spanish between a very kind [name of the profession] and a patient/client. The dialog should be an initial warm interaction where the [name of the profession] greets the patient, asks about symptoms and what parts of the body are not well. The patient should answer back and ask questions as well. Use long sentences and Spanish vocabulary at a superior level according to ACTFL guidelines. After the essay, create a list of 10 words that could be difficult for an intermediate Spanish speaker to understand and give the English equivalent.
Paste the prompt as you wrote it for the chatbot |
Paste the bot-generated dialog |
Paste the link to your chat |
3.8.5. Reflexiona sobre el diálogo. Read the dialog and vocabulary that our chatbot generated and prepare to reflect on what you learned.
Beginners: Write five sentences in Spanish about what you learned or what you think about the dialog Advanced: Write a 50 - 75 word essay on what you learned or what you think about the dialog |
Escribe tus respuestas aquí…FROM YOUR BRAIN. DO NOT USE AI. |
3.8.6. Conversa con el Chatbot en vivo. Go to your phone app where you are able to converse with our chatbot. Go to our class Padlet and record a dialog with the chatbot that explores the topics of this chapter. Speak this prompt to the chatbot before starting. Practice as necessary before recording.
Beginners: We are going to role play in Spanish. You will play the role of a patient / client named [give them a name], and I will be a [name of the profession]. I will greet you first and ask questions about symptoms and what parts of the body are not well. You will answer as the patient / client. Act a little nervous and apprehensive. At the end I will ask if you have any questions. Use language at an intermediate-low in the ACTFL scale. When you speak, pause between each word. We will do one interaction at a time. Let’s start. Are you ready?
Advanced: We are going to role play in Spanish. You will play the role of a patient / client named [give them a name], and I will be a [name of the profession]. I will greet you first and ask questions about symptoms and what parts of the body are not well. You will answer as the patient / client. Act a little nervous and apprehensive. At the end I will ask if you have any questions. Answer each question with complex sentences and ask questions to me as well. Use language at an advanced level in the ACTFL scale. We will do one exchange at a time. Let’s start. Are you ready?
Write “Completo” below if you completed this activity on Padlet. Then share a few thoughts on how it went (What did you like? What was hard? How did you feel while doing the activity?) |
3.8.7. Reflexiona sobre este capítulo. Think about what you learned and what you did in this chapter in regards to reading, writing, listening and speaking, plus the technology you used, and reflect.
Beginners: Write five sentences in Spanish reflecting on the above Advanced: Write a 50 - 75 word essay reflecting on the above |
Escribe tus respuestas aquí…FROM YOUR BRAIN. DO NOT USE AI. |
This work by Alegría Ribadeneira and Alexandra Ribadeneira-Pérez is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.